ʻO ka pā kila a me Wuxi chrome plated steel sheet (ma hope aku i kapa ʻia ʻo tinplate inā ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa kūikawā) he mau kila ipu maʻamau.Ma 2021, ʻo ka noi honua no ka tinplate ma kahi o 16.41 miliona tons (hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana metric i ka kikokikona).Ma muli o ka lahilahi a me ka hoʻokūkū o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ua emi iki ka ʻai ʻana o ka tinplate i nā ʻāina a me nā ʻāina i kūkulu ʻia (e like me Iapana, South Korea, United States, Canada, European Union, etc.) ua hoʻokō a ʻoi aku i kēia emi ʻana.I kēia manawa, ke ulu nei ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka tinplate i ka 2% i kēlā me kēia makahiki.I ka makahiki 2021, e pili ana ka puka honua o ka tinplate ma kahi o 23 miliona tons.Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai ke manaʻo ʻia nei ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka mana hana o Kina ma mua o ka ulu ʻana o ka noi kūloko, hopohopo ka poʻe e hoʻonui hou ʻia ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka lako a me ka noi.I kēia manawa, ʻo ka noi makahiki o Iapana no ka tinplate ma kahi o 900000 tons, ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka piko i ka makahiki 1991.
Ma lalo o ka ʻaoʻao o luna, he mea nui i nā mea hana tinplate Iapana e mālama i ka hoʻokūkū o kā lākou huahana e kūʻē i nā mea ipu ʻē aʻe (e like me ka polyethylene terephthalate a me ka alumini) ma ka mākeke kūloko.I kēia hopena, pono lākou e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o nā pahu kila a hoʻemi i nā kumukūʻai ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke kūpaʻa ma o ka launa pū ʻana me nā mea hana tank.Ma ka mākeke o nā ʻāina ʻē, he mea nui iā lākou e hoʻohana i ka ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe i hōʻiliʻili ʻia a hoʻolaha ʻia i ka mākeke kūloko e hoʻokaʻawale i kā lākou huahana mai nā mea hoʻokūkū, a hoʻomaikaʻi i kā lākou hoʻokūkū ma o ka launa pū ʻana me nā mea hana hiki.
Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka nickel plated sheet steel e hana i ka pūpū pākahi.Ma kēia kahua, he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia no nā mea hana e pane pololei i nā pono o ka mea hoʻohana.Hiki i nā mea hana tinplate Iapana ke hoʻokō pono i nā koi i luna ma o ka hoʻohana piha ʻana i kā lākou ʻenehana hōʻiliʻili ma ke kahua tinplate i nā makahiki.
Hōʻike kēia pepa i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mākeke o nā mea ipu ma ka home a ma waho o Iapana, a wehewehe i nā koi ʻenehana e pono ai nā ʻoihana e hoʻokō.
Ua kaupalena ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kini meaʻai tinplate ma Iapana
I ka hapanui o nā ʻāina ʻē, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka tinplate e hana i nā kini meaʻai, nā kini waiu a me nā pāpale ʻōmole serrated.Ma Iapana, ua kaupalena ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka tinplate i loko o nā kini meaʻai, a hoʻohana nui ʻia e hana i nā kini inu.Ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kini aluminika, ʻoi aku ka nui ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana o Iapana i ka pāpā ʻana i nā hue liʻiliʻi polyethylene terephthalate (500ml a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi) i ka makahiki 1996, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā pā kī ma kēia ʻāina e hana i nā kini inu kofe.Eia nō naʻe, no nā kumu palekana, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kīʻaha inu kofe ma Iapana i hana ʻia me ka tinplate, no ka mea, nui nā ʻano inu kofe ma Iapana i loaʻa ka waiū.
E pili ana i nā kini alumini a me nā ʻōmole polyethylene terephthalate, ua piʻi ikaika kā lākou hoʻokūkū mākeke ma ke kahua o nā kini inu kofe.ʻO ka mea hoʻohālikelike, ʻo ka pōmaikaʻi nui loa o nā pahu kila he palekana: ʻo ka nānā ʻana acoustic (ʻo ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana i ka decomposition o nā mea ma ka hahau ʻana i lalo o ka pahu a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kaomi kūloko e ke kani) pili wale i nā pahu kila, ʻaʻole nā pahu alumini.Hiki i ka ikaika o nā pahu kila ke hoʻomau i ko lākou kaomi i loko ma mua o ke kaomi ea.Eia naʻe, inā hoʻomau ka hilinaʻi wale ʻana o nā mea hana kila i kēia pono nui loa, e pani ʻia nā kini kila.No laila, pono i nā mea hana kila ke hoʻomohala i kahi ʻano hou o nā kini kila me nā mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā kini alumini, nona nā hiʻohiʻona o ka huki ʻana i nā mea hoʻohana a hiki ke loaʻa hou i ka mākeke i noho ʻia e nā hue polyethylene terephthalate a me nā kini alumini.
Ke kūkulu ʻana i nā kini inu a me kā lākou mau mea
He loiloi pōkole o ka mōʻaukala o nā kini inu a me kā lākou mau mea.I ka makahiki 1961, ua lilo ka holomua o ka TFS (chromium plated steel sheet) me ka metala chromium film a me ka hydrated chromium oxide film i mea koʻikoʻi loa ma ke kahua o ka mea inu hiki ke hana i nā mea hana ma Iapana.Ma mua o kēlā, ʻoiai ʻo tinplate ke kumu o ka ʻoihana hiki ke ʻai ʻia a me ka ʻenehana ipu ipu, ua haku ʻia nā ʻenehana kūpono āpau e nā ʻāina komohana.Ma ke ʻano he ipu ipu nui loa, ua hoʻomohala ʻia ʻo TFS e Iapana, a ua lawe ʻia kāna huahana a me kāna kaʻina hana i nā ʻāina komohana.Ua noʻonoʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o TFS i ka pau ʻana o nā kumu waiwai tin honua, i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo TFS i kēlā manawa.ʻO nā kini i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka resin no ka ʻeke anu i hoʻomohala ʻia me nā mea TFS i hoʻemi i ke kūʻai ʻana o nā kini DI me ka pepa alumini alumini i huki ʻia mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i lawe ʻia e Iapana i kēlā manawa.Ma hope mai, ua lanakila nā kini kila ma ka mākeke mea inu Kepani.Mai ia manawa, ʻo ka "Super WIMA Method" i hoʻomohala ʻia e Soudronic AG o Switzerland ua hoʻokūkū i nā mea hana kila Iapana e hoʻomohala i nā mea no nā kini wili.
Ua hōʻoia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o TFS e pono ke kākoʻo ʻia ka ʻenehana loea e ka koi mākeke ikaika a me nā hiki ʻenehana.I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻoweliweli ʻē aʻe i nā mea hana tinplate Iapana ma mua o ka pau ʻana o nā kumuwaiwai tin.ʻO ka "palekana a me ka hilinaʻi" pono e hopohopo no ka wā lōʻihi.E pili ana i nā ipu meaʻai a me nā mea inu, loaʻa i nā ʻāina nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no ka bisphenol A (BPA, kahi mea hoʻopilikia endocrine kaiapuni), ʻoiai ʻaʻole mālama iki kekahi mau ʻāina.I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole lawa nā hana a Iapana i ka "palekana a me ka hilinaʻi".ʻO ke kuleana o ka ʻoihana pahu pahu a me ka ʻoihana kila ʻo ia ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā mea hoʻolalelale, waiwai a me ka ikehu a me nā mea pahu.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ka mōʻaukala hoʻomohala ʻana o ka tinplate aia kahi pilina pili ma waena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kini hou a me nā mea hiki hou.Ma kahi o ka ʻenehana, ua hōʻea ka poʻe canner Kepani i ka pae honua, i lawa ia e kākoʻo i ka ʻoihana kila Iapana e hoʻomau mau i nā mea hou a me nā kaʻina hana, a hoʻolaha iā lākou ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa ma o ka launa pū ʻana me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe.
Nā hiʻohiʻona makeke o nā mea hiki i ke ao holoʻokoʻa
ʻO ka mākeke mea hiki i ka honua holoʻokoʻa nā hiʻohiʻona penei: ʻo ka mua, ke ulu nei ke koi no nā kini kila;ʻO ka lua, noho nā kini meaʻai i ka māhele mākeke nui;ʻO ke kolu, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā mea ipu (ʻoi loa ma Kina);ʻo ka hā, hoʻokūkū nā mea hana tinplate o ka honua i kekahi i kekahi ma ke ʻano o ke kumukūʻai a me ka maikaʻi.
ʻO ka ulu wikiwiki o ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā mea hiki i ka honua ka nui ma Kina.Hōʻike nā ʻikepili pili mai 2017 a 2021, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka mana o Kina i nā mea hana pahu pahu ma kahi o 4 miliona tons.Eia nō naʻe, ma kahi o 90% o nā papa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me nā papa haʻahaʻa i hana ʻia i nā ʻāpana kila i ʻōwili ʻia i ka pae pāʻoihana.Wahi a ka wehewehe ʻana ma JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa, hana nā ʻāina i kūkulu ʻia i ka tinplate i MR, D a i ʻole L kila (e like me JIS G 3303) ma ka hoʻomalu pono ʻana i ka haku kila, a laila hoʻoponopono i ka ʻike o ka non-metallic. inclusions e like me ka hoʻohana hope, a mālama pono i ke kaʻina hana i ka wā wela o ka ʻōwili ʻana, ka ʻōwili anuanu, annealing a me ka tempering rolling, i mea e loaʻa ai ka hana pono o ka tinplate substrate.I kēlā me kēia hihia, loaʻa ka tinplate haʻahaʻa i kekahi mahele mākeke.
He aha nā mea e hana ai nā mea hana i ka wā e hiki mai ana?
Ua ʻike ʻia ka pae ʻenehana o Iapana ma ke ʻano o ka hana canning a me ka ipu hao i ka papa honua.Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻolaha maʻalahi ka ʻenehana i hōʻoia ʻia i Iapana i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka hiʻohiʻona mākeke.I ka wā i lilo ai ka globalization i huaʻōlelo maʻamau ma Iapana, ʻoiai ua hoʻokō ka ʻoihana hana hao Iapana i ka hoʻomohala honua o ka ʻenehana ʻenehana (e pili ana i ke kikowaena ʻenehana Iapana, kūkulu ʻia nā mea kanu paʻi tin ma waho), ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻia ʻana o ka ʻenehana TFS me nā hoa ʻāina he 50 makahiki. i ka wā i hala aku nei, ua kāohi ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka hui ʻenehana cross-border no ka manawa lōʻihi.I mea e hōʻike ai i kona kūlana ma ka mākeke, pono e hoʻolaha ka ʻoihana kila Iapana i nā ʻenehana i hoʻomohala a hoʻolaha ʻia ma Kina.
Hiki ke aʻo ʻia mai ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana o Iapana i kēia kahua ʻo ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻenehana koʻikoʻi ma muli o ka pilina pili ma waena o nā mea hana kila a me nā mea kanu.Ke kūʻai ʻia nā huahana tinplate i nā mea hoʻohana o nā ʻāina ʻē, ʻo ka manaʻo o ia mau mea hoʻohana aia wale nō i ka hana huahana, ma mua o ka lako tinplate paʻa.I ka wā e hiki mai ana, no nā mea hana tinplate Iapana, he mea nui ia e hōʻike i kā lākou pono huahana ma o ka hoʻohui pono ʻana i nā mana hōʻoia o nā packers a me nā canners.
——E hoemi i ke kumukuai o na kini.
Pono nā Canners e hopohopo nui e pili ana i nā kumukūʻai hana, ʻo ia ke kumu o kā lākou hoʻokūkū.Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻokūkū koʻikoʻi i ke kumu kūʻai o ke kila, akā i ka huahana, ka hana canning a me ke kumukūʻai.
ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka annealing batch i ka annealing mau ke ʻano o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ke kumukūʻai.Ua hoʻomohala ʻo Nippon Iron i kahi pā kini i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i hiki ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano bele i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka pā kini, a ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia i kēia mea hou i nā mea hana hiki.Ma mua o ka hoʻouna ʻana mai ka hale hana, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hōʻole ʻana o nā ʻāpana kila annealed mau, a paʻa ka maikaʻi o ka huahana o kēlā me kēia coil kila, i hiki ai i nā mea kūʻai ke loaʻa i ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, e hōʻemi i nā hemahema hana, a loaʻa i kahi kūlana lanakila-lanakila.I kēia manawa, ua noho nā kauoha hana o ka tinplate annealing mau i ka hapa nui o nā kauoha o ka hana hao Iapana.
E lawe i ke kino ʻāpana ʻāpana ʻekolu i mea hoʻohālike.I ka wā ma mua, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā huahana i ʻōwili ʻia (SR) me ka mānoanoa o 0.20mm~0.25mm.Manaʻo ʻo Nippon Iron e hoʻololi iā ia me kahi huahana ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka lua anuanu (DR) me ka mānoanoa o 0.20 mm a i ʻole.Me kēia ʻano, hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻai ʻana o nā mea waiwai ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa mānoanoa, a hoʻemi ʻia ke kumukūʻai e like me ia.E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ua hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia ka hui ʻana o ke kila kila tinned, a ua kokoke kona mānoanoa i ka palena haʻahaʻa o ke kila anuanu ʻoihana, no laila hiki ke hoʻemi maikaʻi ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka huahana.
Ke hoʻohana ʻia nei ke ʻano o ka ʻōwili anu lua, hoʻemi hou ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka metala kumu ma ka wili wela ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana, no laila ke hoʻemi ʻia ka elongation, hoʻonui ʻia ka ikaika waiwai.I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana hiki, alakaʻi pinepine kēia i ka maʻi ʻana o ka flange kokoke i ka hui welded, a i ʻole nā nalu i ka wā o ka hana ʻana o ka uhi hiki a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻelua.Ma muli o ka ʻike ma mua, ua hoʻoponopono ka Hui Hao Kepani i nā pilikia ma luna ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka tinplate ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka lua anuanu, a hāʻawi i kēlā me kēia mea hoʻohana i nā mea kūpono loa no nā ʻano kini like ʻole a me nā ʻano hana hana, i mea e hōʻemi ai i ke kumukūʻai o ka canning.
Hiki i ka ikaika o ka meaʻai ke hilinaʻi nui i kona ʻano a me kona ikaika waiwai.No ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā mea kūpono a me ka hoʻolālā hiki kūpono, ua hana ʻo Nippon Iron i kahi "factory can virtual" - kahi ʻōnaehana simulation e hiki ke loiloi i ka ikaika o nā kini meaʻai e like me nā loli o nā mea a me nā ʻano hiki.
——E nānā i ka "palekana a me ka hilinaʻi".
Ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o ka pā tin no ka hana ʻana i nā ipu meaʻai a me nā mea inu, aia i nā mea hana kila ke kuleana e hāʻawi i nā mea palekana a hilinaʻi i nā mea hoʻohana ma ka home a ma waho.ʻO ka pā kila me ka bisphenol A he mea ia.Ke nānā mau nei ʻo Japan Iron&Steel Co., Ltd. i nā hoʻoponopono hoʻomalu kaiapuni o ka honua, a ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e hoʻomau i ka lilo ʻana i poʻokela o ka honua i nā mea pahu palekana a hilinaʻi hoʻi ma o ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā peʻe kila ipu ʻāina.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mākeke a me nā manaʻo o ka nickel plated steel sheet
Inā i hala, i kēia manawa a i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻo ka pahu kila ka ʻano ipu maikaʻi loa.He mea koʻikoʻi loa ia i nā mea hana e hana like me nā mea hoʻohana, e ʻimi pū i ka ikehu a me nā pono waiwai waiwai, a hoʻomohala a hoʻolako i nā mea pili i ke kaiapuni.Nui nā mea hana pahu kila ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e makemake nui e hoʻonui i kā lākou hana hana (ʻoi loa ma nā ʻāina ulu).
ʻO ka pepa kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Nickel kekahi ʻano mea pahu i hana ʻia ma Iapana.Hana ʻia nā ʻāpana o nā ʻaʻa kumu mua (e like me nā pihi maloʻo alkaline) a me nā ʻeke lua (e like me nā pā lithium, nickel metal hydride batteries a me nickel cadmium batteries) i hana ʻia me ka nickel plated sheet steel.ʻO ka pālākiō holoʻokoʻa o ka mākeke honua no nā ʻāpana kila nickel plated ma kahi o 250000 tons / makahiki, nona nā papa precoated ma kahi o ka hapalua.ʻO ka pā precoated he ʻaʻahu ʻaʻahu a hoʻohana nui ʻia ma Iapana a me nā ʻāina komohana e hana i nā pākaukau mua a me nā pihi lua kiʻekiʻe.
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mākeke o ka ʻili kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka nickel ma mua o ka pā kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a ua kaupalena ʻia ka nui o nā mea hoʻolako.ʻO nā mea hoʻolako nui ma ka honua ʻo Tata India (ma kahi o 40% o ka māhele mākeke), Toyo Steel Co., Ltd. o Iapana (ma kahi o 30%) a me Iapana Iron (ma kahi o 10%).
ʻElua ʻano o ka pepa nickel precoated: nickel plated sheet and heat diffusion sheet me ka nickel coating diffused to steel substrate ma hope o ka hoʻomehana ʻana.No ka mea, ʻaʻole koi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe koe wale nō ka nickel plating a me diffusion heating, paʻakikī i nā mea hana ke hoʻokaʻawale i kā lākou huahana mai nā mea hoʻokūkū ʻē aʻe.I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻana o nā ʻāpana o waho o nā pila, hoʻokūkū nā mea hana pākaukau me kekahi i ka hana pākaukau (e pili ana i ka capacitance kūloko), ʻo ia ka mea e pono ai ka mākeke i nā pā kila lahilahi.I mea e hoʻonui ai i ka māhele mākeke a hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana pākaukau, pono e hoʻopili ka hana hao Iapana i nā pono o nā mea hana pākaukau a pāʻani i kāna mau pono ikaika i ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā kaʻina hana.
Ke piʻi mau nei ke koi ʻana no nā ʻāpana kila nickel plated i ka mākeke pākaukau ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka ʻoihana kaʻa.Ke kū nei ka ʻoihana hana hao Iapana i kahi manawa kūpono e alakaʻi i ka mākeke ma ka pane pololei ʻana i nā pono o nā mea hana pākaukau.I loko o nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻo ka ʻenehana hōʻemi mānoanoa i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e ka hana hao Iapana ma ke kahua o ka hana tinplate e hoʻokō pono i ka noi mākeke no nā ʻāpana kila nickel plated no nā pā.ʻO ka pūpū o ka pahu pahu kaʻa i hana nui ʻia me ka alumini a i ʻole ka alumini foil laminate a me ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni.
No nā mea hana kila, he mea nui e lawe i nā hana kūpono no ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā noi kila.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-01-2022